Churn.



PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905.

- M. G. WINDERS GHURN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3. 1005.

4 SHEBT3SHEET 2 No. 797,393- PATENTED 15, 1905.

M. G. WINDERS.

GHURN. APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 3. was.

QSHBBTS SHEET S.

110.79%398, PATENTED' AUG. 15, 1905. M. 0. Wmmmsn GHURN.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 3. 1905.

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WHUHN...

no. teases.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aug. 15, 1905.

Application filed June 3, 1905. Scria1No.263,609.

To all whont it many arr/warn.-

Be it known that I, h liinonLLUs (J. WIND- was, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Meridian, in the county of Lauderdale and State of Mississippi, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Uhurns, of which the following is a speci- .lication.

My invention relates to that class of churn in which the cream and milk or watery substance are separated from each other by dashers.

The objects of the invention are to provide means for cheapening the process by saving time, maintaining the temperature at the best degree for butter-making, irrespective of the atmospheric temperature, and to supply an easily-operated machine for removing the butter, as I provide means whereby the machine may be taken apart easily for access to the vessel containing the butter.

M y theory as proved by experimentis that cream becomes butter by causing the globules of the cream to cohere. in my invention I have are-shaped beaters,which act like spoons in scooping the globules and carrying them forcibly along in one direction, and therefore the globules are pressed together and cohere and continually accun'mlate additional globules. Those that escape have a high velocity and immediately are not only stopped, but carried in the other direction by other spoon or arc-shaped beaters, which, meeting the globules at such a high relative velocity, bring the globules against each other with considerable pressure. thereby causing cohesion. Likewise the globules escaping from the second set of boaters are caught by the first set, and so on back and forth until the whole mass of cream and milk have been repeatedly acted upon and all the cream converted into butter very efficiently and quickly. important details will appear hereinafter.

The exact construction of the device enibodying my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine. The churn is shown in section. Fig. 2 is a plan of the'machine. Fig. 3 shows a front elevation. Fig. 4 shows a vertical section through the line A B in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a cooling device or for heating, as the case may be. Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of a standard. Fig.

7 is a section through the line "C D in Fig. 1,

showing the internal construction of the forcepump and valves. Fig. 8 is a plan of the gear-supporting bracket inverted. Fig. 9 is a plan of one of the heaters of the rotary spindle. Fig. 10 is a horizontal section through the line E F in Fig. 1, showing the means of attachment of the outer boaters. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of heaters of modified form. Fig. 152 is a section on the line Gr H in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a plan of one of the modified beater-s.

In all the drawings like reference characters refer to like parts.

The organization consists of the circular base 1, upon which the containing vessel 61 rests, and provided below with the cross-pieces 69, having feet 70. The cross-pieces 69 are halved together at the center and fastened by nails, one of which is shown at? 1, to the base 1,\vhich is also provided with an oblong projection 2, to which is attached by bolts 3 the standard t, which is If-shaped in cross-section. On the standard is a hollow boss 5, which serves as a bearing for the shaft 6. The standard 4: also has a flattened top portion 7, a foot 8 at the bottom, through which pass the bolts 3, and a lug 9, to which the pump is attached.

Upon the top of the standard 4. is mounted the bracket 10, having a socket 11 below at one extremity, which lits over the flattened portion of the standard at and at the other end is separated into two branches 12 and 13, the one above the other, which terminate in bearings let and 15 for the vertical inner and outer rotary supports of the heaters. In the body of the bracket 10 is a slot .16, closed at the ends by the bearings 18 and i9 for the shaft 20, which is horizontal and to which is attached at one end the bevel-gear 21 by the set-screw 22 and at the opposite end the pinion 23 by the pin 24:.

Mounted rigidly upon the shaft (5 and mesh ing with the pinion 23 is a spur-gear 25, hav ing spokes 26, to one of which is attached by bolts 27 the crank 28, provided with a handle 29 for rotating the heaters.

30 is a frame, to the inner sides of which are attached arc-shaped heaters 31 by means of rivets 32. Into the center of the top of the frame 30 is screwed a sleeve 33,\vhich extends upward through the bearing 15. The inner bearing for said sleeve consists of a spindle 34, which rotates in the sleeve 33 and is provided with boaters 35, in pairs and each shaped, which are curved in an opposite direction to the heaters 31 and are attached to the spindle 34 by the pins 36. The object of having a greater number of beaters in the inner spindle than are on the outer sleeve is to equalize the resistance of the two (the outer one being of the greater diameter) and the consequent moment necessary to rotate them. The spindle 34 extends above the sleeve 33 and passes through the bearing 14 and beyond the same. Respectively above the bearing 14 and below the bearing and mounted upon the spindle and sleeve are the fans 37 and 37. which are of opposite pitch and have hubs 38 and 38, provided with set-screws 39 and 39 for securing them to the respective stem or spindle and the sleeve, the function of the fans being to ward off the flies from the chu rn.

Attached to the sleeve 33, above the bearing 15, by means of the set-screw 40 is a bevelgear 41, and attached to the spindle 34, below the bearing 14, by means of the set-screw 40 is a bevel-gear 41, both of the bevel-gears 41 and 41 meshing with the larger bevel-gear 21. The hub 42 of the bevel-gear 41 is extended below the latter and counterbored to receive the top of the sleeve 33, Which is thus steadied against vibration.

Attached to the hub 9 of the standard 4 by the tap-bolt 54 is a force-pump, consisting of a cylinder 43, a base 44, having suction and discharge ports 45 and 46, respectively, a plunger 47 of the trunk type, a pitman 48, and a pivotpin 49 therefor. Communicating with the suction-port 45 by means of the nipple 50 is a check-valve, consisting of the body portion 51, cap 52, and valve 53, and communicating with the discharge-port 46 through the nipple 50 is a discharge check-valve, having body portion 51, cap 52, and valve 53. The plunger 47 is provided with packing 55, clamped in place by means of the washer 56 and tap-bolt 57. The shaft 6, upon which is mounted the gear-wheel 25, is extended upon the inner side of the standard 4 and provided with a disk 58, having a crank-pin 59, upon which is journaled the top 60 of the pitman 48. The vessel 61, which rests upon the base 1, is slotted upon opposite sides at the top at 62 62 and is provided with a lid 63, having a radial slot 64, which enables the lid to be removed while the sleeve 33 is in position. The lid 63 has a handle 65 fastened thereto by screws 66.

The discharge-pipe leading from the pump is hooked over the upper edge of the vessel 61 and passes through the slot 62, just below the lid 63, nearly to the bottom of the vessel 61, where it is connected to a horizontal pipe 67 which is oppositely connected to an outlet-pipe 67,which is hooked through the slot 62. The connections 68 of the pipe 67 to the pipes 67 and 67" are of rubber, so as to be flexible, and thus facilitate the removal of the pipes from the vessel 61.

In operation hot or cold water is forced through the pipes in the vessel 61, thus servmg, respectively, to warm or cool the cream and milk in the vessel in cold or warm weather, respectively.

72 is a tub containing a helical coil of pipe 73, having an inlet 74 leading from any given source of water-supply, coils 75, and an outlet 76, which is shown as being directly connected by a union 77 to the pipe 67. The tub 72 is filled with hot water or ice-water, according to whether the water passing through the system of piping in the milk is to be heated or cooled. In this case, of course, the forcepump is dispensed with and the water is admitted under a suitable head to the inlet-pipe 74. hen the pump is used, its suction-pipe 78 is connected with the pipe 76 and its discharge-pipe 79 with the pipe 67.

In the modification shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13 the beaters 31 and 35 are curved edgewise and are more in number, While in Fig. 1 they are curved with their edges remaining in the same are.

The ntodus operand is as follows: The gear-wheel 25 is given a rotary motion by means of the crank 28 with its handle 29, thereby rotating the pinion 23 with its shaft 20 and bevel-gear21, which in its turn drives the spindle 34 and sleeve 33 and at the same time the fans 37 and 37, by means of the smaller bevel-gears 41 and 41, to which they are respectively attached, the direction of rotation being indicated upon the drawings by arrows. Meanwhile the gear-wheel 25, being fixed on its shaft 6, rotates said shaft and with it the disk 58, with its crank-pin 59, thus driving the pump-pitman 48 and plunger 49, which causes a current of water through the pipe 67 at every revolution of the wheel 25. The vessel 61 may be filled while the machine is in position bysimply removing the lid 63; but to empty the same it is preferable to remove the vessel 61 from the base 1. For this purpose the bracket 10, together with the sleeve 33 and spindle 34 and their gearing, including the pinion 23, is disengaged from the rest of the machine by lifting the socket 11 from the top 7 of the standard 4 and disconnecting the pipe 67 by means of the union 77. The pipes 67, 67, and 67 may then also be removed, if desired. After filling, the vessel 61 is replaced upon the base 1, the suction-pipe 78 connected to the pipe 67 by means of the union 77, and the bracket 10, with all carried by it, is placed in the proper position, with the beaters in the vessel. The machine is then ready for churning. It will be noted that the arc-shaped beaters will accomplish the main object of dashing the milk and cream in a predetermined manner for causing cohesion of the globules of the cream. At the same time a continuous and accumulating centrifugal force produced by one set of beaters does not cause the cream and milk to run over from the vessel, for this motion is at once neutralized by the other set, and any teases one set prevents much centrifugal motion from the other set of heaters. The speed may therefore he that much more rapid than if only a centrifugal motion of the contents of the vessel were produced.

In practice it has been found that with my machine as herein constructed the process of churning is rendered more thorough than usual and is effected with much saving of time.

if claim as my invention- 1. In a churn, the combination of oppositelyrotating concentric beater-holders, a set of heaters on one holder, having the shape, substantially, of the letter S, with a half on each side of the axis of rotation, in each instance, and the heaters of the other set, each formed arc-shaped with the curvature of the are opposite in direction, from that of each arc of the first-named heaters, the heaters of the respective sets being arranged alternately along the axial direction of rotation of said heaters.

2. In a churn, the combination ofare-shaped heaters, relatively rotary in pairs, the heaters of one pair being in one piece, a frame, and the other heaters, being in pairs, and each pair having two pieces, and the piece of each pair being fastened to said frame.

3. In a churn, the combination of a rotary spindle, a rotary sleeve thereon, means for rotating said spindle and. sleeve in opposite directions, a rectangular frame attached to said sleeve, arc-shaped heaters fastened to said frame and pointing toward each other in pairs, and curved in opposite directions from each other, and other arc-shaped heaters arranged on said spindle, in pairs, which pairs are successively alternate with the first-named pairs, and each of the heaters of the secondnamed pairs pointing in opposite directions from said spindle, and curved in opposite directions from each other.

4. in a churn, the combination of a vessel, heaters therein, a pipe passing within the vessel, and out again, for circulating a fluid through the vessel, means for forcing said fluid through said pipe, notches at the upper edge of said vessel, and a cover over the top of said vessel in such a relative position to said notches, that the pipe substantially fills the hole left between said vessel and said cover, the cover having another notch extending to the center from the periphery, for receiving the support of said heaters.

5. In a churn, the combination of a base, a standard thereon, an arm extending laterally from said standard, a shaft extending through said arm, a pinion on one end of said arm, and a spur-wheel, which is beveled, on the other end of said arm, a fork at the same end as the spur-wheel, and attached to said arm, a sleeve and a spindle in the sleeve, passing through said fork, between whose tines are hevel-pinions gearing with said wheel, fans attached respectively to said spindle and sleeve, a vessel below said fans, a cover for the vessel, having a radial notch for receiving said sleeve and spindle, and said vessel having notches in the upper edge of said vessel, a pipe passing into said vessel through one of said notches, and out through the other notch, and heaters on the respective spindle and sleeve.

6. In a churn, the combination of cross" pieces 69, a circular base attached thereto, and having an oblong projection, a standard bolted to said projection, a hollow boss on the standard, a shaft through the boss, a spurwheel fixed to one end of said shaft, a crank and pitman connected up with the other end of said shaft, a pump actuated by said pitman, a vessel, a pipe passing through said vessel, and con'imunicating with said pump, heaters in said vessel, and gearing between said spur-wheel, and said heaters.

7. In a churn, the combination of a vessel, two sets of heaters therein, a spindle carrying one set, a sleeve carrying the other set, hy means of a frame, one end of which frame is fixed to said sleeve, and the other end havinga hole, through which passes the end of said spindle loosely.

8. In a churn, the eon'ibination of arc-shaped heaters, and means for rotating the concave sides of difierent boaters toward each other, said different heaters being at different levels.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name and aliixed my seal this 15th day of May, 1905.

MARC lfihhUS U. W l NIlEltS.

i ll 

